Petroleum Properties and Crude Oil

Name: Petroleum Properties and Crude Oil
Author: KnowledgeCity

Dive deeper into the physical and chemical composition of petroleum and crude oil

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Course: On-Demand

Physical properties differ from chemical properties because they're inherent to the chemical compound and not the reaction of that compound. Some of the most common physical properties are boiling point, melting point, molecular weight, specific gravity, critical temperature and critical pressure. Boiling point is the temperature required to boil the liquid form and create a phase change into a gas. This is a critical property of distillation. Melting point is the temperature that creates a phase change from solid to liquid. Molecular weight is units given in grams per mole. This is the mass of a given molecule. Also measured as the ratio of the mass of a molecule to the atomic mass unit. A mole is defined as a standard of measurement, exactly 6.022 times 1023 particles, such as atoms, ions electrons, and molecules used to calculate the grams per given amount. Specific gravity is a unitless physical property. Also defined as relative density, which is the density ratio of a substance to reference material. True specific gravity is measured as the density ratio of the sample divided by the density of water. Water is defined as a standard of measurement because it's approximately one gram per milliliter. Critical temperature is the end point on a phase equilibrium curve where gas can not be liquified by an increase in pressure. Let's break that concept down into smaller pieces. A phase diagram typically shows where temperature and pressure conditions create different phase changes from solid to liquid or liquid to gas. Equilibrium is where two of these phases co-exist at the same point. That equilibrium point is where the temperature is constant and pressure varies, but no liquid phase change occurs above that temperature if pressure is increased. Critical pressure is the same concept. The point where equilibrium occurs, but an increase in temperature won't change that gas phase into a liquid. These physical properties are important as they relate to thermodynamic properties when it comes to distillation and obtaining pure fractions of crude oil components.

Essential Provider : KnowledgeCity 4 Lessons · 16m in Arabic, English

Course Description

We are surrounded with products that are derived from petroleum, everything from the obvious products, such as the gasoline we put in our car, to the not so obvious products that have paraffin and rubber. In this course on Petroleum Properties and Crude Oil, you will learn both the physical and chemical characteristics of petroleum and crude oil that make them equally dangerous, difficult, and profitable to use.

First, we will discuss the physical properties of petroleum and crude oil. We will examine properties such as the boiling point, melting point, and specific gravity to name just a few of the primary ones to be aware of. We will also look at the chemical properties of petroleum and crude oil, and we will discuss the heat of combustion as well as toxicity. We will also cover enthalpy and look at the differences between a positive and a negative value. We will dive deeper into the topic of toxicity as we discuss both acute and chronic toxicity. While we discuss the aspect of flammability, we will go over the different flammability ratings that are given to petroleum and crude oil.

What You'll Learn

Recognize the physical properties of petroleum and crude oil, including boiling point, melting point, and specific gravity
Understand the chemical properties of petroleum and crude oil, including heat of combustion and toxicity
Distinguish between acute and chronic toxicity
Understand enthalpy and what positive and negative values mean
Analyze the various uses of petroleum
Identify the different flammability ratings given to petroleum and crude oil

Key Takeaways

Petroleum and crude oil have both physical and chemical characteristics that make them dangerous, difficult, and profitable to use.
Physical properties covered include boiling point, melting point, and specific gravity, among others.
Chemical properties covered include heat of combustion, toxicity, and enthalpy.
Toxicity is examined in two forms: acute toxicity and chronic toxicity.
Petroleum and crude oil are assigned different flammability ratings, which the course reviews.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does this course cover?

The course covers the physical and chemical characteristics of petroleum and crude oil, including properties such as boiling point, melting point, and specific gravity, as well as heat of combustion, toxicity, enthalpy, flammability ratings, and the various uses of petroleum.

What is the difference between acute and chronic toxicity, and does the course address it?

Yes. The course dives deeper into the topic of toxicity by discussing both acute and chronic toxicity and teaching the difference between them.

Does the course explain enthalpy?

Yes. The course covers enthalpy and looks at the differences between a positive and a negative value.

What topics are taught in the lessons?

The lessons cover Physical Properties, Chemical Properties, Classification, and Chemistry.

What skills are associated with this course?

The course relates to skills including Hydrocarbon, Petroleum Engineering, Petroleums, Petroleum Geology, Petroleum Industry, and Petroleum Engineering Certification.